An Invalidating Environment May Be a Cause of BPD

An Invalidating Environment May Be a Cause of BPD More in BPD Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Related Conditions Growing up in an environment perceived as invalidating is one factor commonly discussed as contributing to the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Coupled with a genetic tendency to be over-emotional, an invalidating environment is theorized to be one of the two major causes of BPD. What an Invalidating Environment Looks Like In this sense, to invalidate means to attack or question the foundation or reality of a person’s feelings. This can be done by denying, ridiculing, ignoring, or judging another’s feelings. Regardless of the means, the effect is clear: the persons feelings are “wrong.” An environment perceived as invalidating generally means that the child grows up feeling that his emotional responses are not correct or considered in the regular course of things. Over time, this can result in confusion and a general distrust of a person’s own emotions. Invalidation Can Be Subtle An invalidating environment is not the same thing as an abusive environment, although abusive relationships are certainly invalidating. Invalidation can be quite subtle and may reflect a general way of interacting. It is generally characterized by intolerance of the expression of emotional experiences, which often leads to extreme displays of emotion. Marsha M. Linehan, a borderline personality disorder clinician, and researcher proposed the idea that the development of BPD happens during the developmental years, where the child receives the message that he or she should learn to cope with emotions internally and without support from his or her parents. As a result, the child never learns how to regulate or tolerate her own emotions, and fails to learn how to solve the problems that are inciting these emotions. Some Forms of Praise May Also Be Invalidating Validation is not the same thing as praise; it is more an acknowledgment of the person, whereas praise is just a compliment. To validate someone is to acknowledge the feelings involved, regardless of whether you agree with how the other person is feeling or not. Praise addresses the action or behavior without addressing the emotion behind it. Praise can also be invalidated because although a child’s behavior is acknowledged and reinforced, the effort or negative feeling they have is not addressed. This can cause the child to feel that his total experience is not accepted, or even dismissed. An Example of Invalidation Disguised as Praise A few examples can help explain much better how validation differs from praise and how invalidation can actually be disguised as praise. A young child goes into the classroom by herself on the first day of school, although she is scared. Praising her would be a simple, “Good job!” On the other hand, “You were so brave to go in even though you were scared. It couldnt have been easy. What a good job you did,” validates the troubling feelings, remarks on the effort overcoming those feelings took, and praises the effort. However, it is possible to praise while being invalidating at the same time: “Good job. Now, don’t you see how silly you were being?” This response invalidates the feelings the child was having by calling them “silly,” despite the praising of the behavior. Hidden Invalidation Those who grow up with invalidating comments, especially those that are disguised as praise and support, can find it difficult to see the difference between these comments and validating comments. Not only does the child feel the discomfort that comes from invalidation disguised as praise, but those not directly involved in the dynamics may not recognize this either. Other adults, instead of recognizing the impact these invalidating comments disguised as praise may have on a child, might dismiss the resultant insecurity or sadness of the child as over-sensitivity on the part of the child rather than lack of thoughtfulness on the part of the parent. Perception Is Also a Factor   It is important to remember that people tend to experience relationships and interactions differently. This means that what one person experiences as an invalidating environment is not necessarily experienced as such by another. It is possible that individual temperaments affect a person’s general sensitivity to invalidation, but everyone has times when they are more vulnerable or sensitive. It is important to note, however, that invalidationâ€"as it relates to the development of borderline personality disorderâ€"is not a periodic experience, but a pervasive one. It is not one invalidating experience that leads to BPD but rather a complex and repeated exposure to situations in which feelings and thoughts are simply considered unimportant.

Mexican Revolution Battle of Veracruz

Occupation of Veracruz - Conflict Dates: The Occupation of Veracruz lasted from April 21 to November 23, 1914, and occurred during the Mexican Revolution. Forces Commanders Americans Rear Admiral Frank Friday Fletcher757 rising to 3,948 men (during the fighting) Mexicans General Gustavo MaassCommodore Manuel Azuetaunknown Occupation of Veracruz -  The Tampico Affair: Early 1914 found Mexico in the midst of civil war as rebel forces led by Venustiano Carranza and Pancho Villa battled to overthrow usurper General Victoriano Huerta. Unwilling to recognized Huertas regime, US President Woodrow Wilson recalled the American ambassador from Mexico City. Not wishing to directly intervene in the fighting, Wilson instructed American warships to concentrate off the ports of Tampico and Veracruz to protect US interests and property. On April 9, 1914, an unarmed whaleboat from the gunboat USS Dolphin landed at Tampico to pick up drummed gasoline from a German merchant. Coming ashore, the American sailors were detained by Huertas federalist troops and taken to the military headquarters. The local commander, Colonel Ramon Hinojosa recognized his mens error and had the Americans returned to their boat. The military governor, General Ignacio Zaragoza contacted the American consul and apologized for the incident and asked that his regrets be conveyed to Rear Admiral Henry T. Mayo offshore. Learning of the incident, Mayo demanded an official apology and that the American flag be raised and saluted in the city. Occupation of Veracruz -  Moving to Military Action: Lacking the authority to grant Mayos demands, Zaragoza forwarded them to Huerta. While he was willing to issue the apology, he refused to raise and salute the American flag as Wilson had not recognized his government. Declaring that the salute will be fired, Wilson gave Huerta until 6:00 PM on April 19 to comply and began moving additional naval units to the Mexican coast. With the passage of the deadline, Wilson addressed Congress on April 20 and detailed a series of incidents that demonstrated the Mexican governments contempt for the United States. In speaking to Congress, he asked for permission to use military action if necessary and stated that in any action there be no thought of aggression or selfish aggrandizement only efforts to maintain the dignity and authority of the United States. While a joint resolution quickly passed in the House, it stalled in the Senate where some senators called for harsher measures. While debate continued, the US State Department was tracking the Hamburg-American liner SS Ypiranga which was steaming towards Veracruz with a cargo of small arms for Huertas army. Occupation of Veracruz  -Taking Veracruz: Desiring to prevent the arms from reaching Huerta, the decision was made to occupy the port of Veracruz. As not to antagonize the German Empire, US forces would not land until the cargo had been off-loaded from Ypiranga. Though Wilson wished have the Senates approval, an urgent cable from US Consul William Canada at Veracruz early on April 21 which informed him of the liners imminent arrival. With this news, Wilson instructed Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels to take Veracruz at once. This message was relayed to Rear Admiral Frank Friday Fletcher who commanded the squadron off the port. Possessing the battleships USS and USS  Utah and the transport USS Prairie which carried 350 Marines, Fletcher received his orders at 8:00 AM on April 21. Due to weather considerations, he immediately moved forward and asked Canada to inform the local Mexican commander, General Gustavo Maass, that his men would be taking control of the waterfront. Canada complied and asked Maass not to resist. Under orders not to surrender, Maass began mobilizing the 600 men of the 18th and 19th Infantry Battalions, as well as the midshipmen at the Mexican Naval Academy. He also began arming civilian volunteers. Around 10:50 AM, the Americans began landing under the command of Captain William Rush of Florida. The initial force consisted of around 500 Marines and 300 sailors from the battleships landing parties. Meeting no resistance, the Americans landed at Pier 4 and moved towards their objectives. The bluejackets advanced to take the customs house, post and telegraph offices, and railroad terminal while the Marines were to capture the rail yard, the cable office, and the powerplant. Establishing his headquarters in the Terminal Hotel, Rush sent a semaphore unit to the room to open communications with Fletcher. While Maass began advancing his men towards the waterfront, the midshipmen at the Naval Academy worked to fortify the building. Fighting began when a local policeman, Aurelio Monffort, fired on the Americans. Killed by return fire, Monfforts action led to widespread, disorganized fighting. Believing that a large force was in the city, Rush signaled for reinforcements and Utahs landing party and Marines were sent ashore. Wishing to avoid further bloodshed, Fletcher asked Canada to arrange a ceasefire with the Mexican authorities. This effort failed when no Mexican leaders could be found. Concerned about sustaining additional casualties by advancing into the city, Fletcher ordered Rush to hold his position and remain on the defensive through the night. During the night of April 21/22 additional American warships arrived bringing reinforcements. It was also during this time, that Fletcher concluded that the entire city would need to be occupied. Additional Marines and sailors began landing around 4:00 AM, and at 8:30 AM Rush resumed his advance with ships in the harbor providing gunfire support. Attacking near the Avenue Independencia, the Marines methodically worked from building to building eliminating Mexican resistance. On their left, the 2nd Seaman Regiment, led by USS New Hampshires Captain E.A. Anderson, pressed up the Calle Francisco Canal. Told that his line of advance had been cleared of snipers, Anderson did not send out scouts and marched his men in parade ground formation. Encountering heavy Mexican fire, Andersons men took losses and were forced to fall back. Supported by the fleets guns, Anderson resumed his attack and took the Naval Academy and Artillery Barracks. Additional American forces arrived through the morning and by noon much of the city had been taken. Occupation of Veracruz - Holding the City: In the fighting, 19 Americans were killed 72 wounded. Mexican losses were around 152-172 killed and 195-250 wounded. Minor sniping incidents continued until April 24 when, after the local authorities refused to cooperate, Fletcher declared martial law. On April 30, the US Army 5th Reinforced Brigade under Brigadier General Frederick Funston arrived and took over the occupation of the city. While many of the Marines remained, the naval units returned to their ships. While some in the United States called for a full invasion of Mexico, Wilson limited American involvement to the occupation Veracruz. Battling rebel forces, Huerta was not able to oppose it militarily. Following Huertas downfall in July, discussions began with the new Carranza government. American forces remained in Veracruz for seven months and finally departed on November 23 after the ABC Powers Conference mediated many of the issues between the two nations. Selected Sources National Archives: The United States Armed Forces and the Mexican Punitive ExpeditionDavis, Thomas (2007). With No Thought of Aggression Military History Quarterly. 20(1), 34-43.

Confessions Of An Economic Hitman Essay - 2564 Words

Confessions of an Economic Hitman Identifying Corporate Social Responsibility Issues Corporate Responsibility Dr. Farzad Rafi Khan April 16th, 2015 Team 1 Andrew Wirawan Ali Karamustafaoglu Ashtyn Packer Christ-Arnaud Lacombe Marion Mayer Ulrik Karlsen Contents Introduction 2 Reflection on John Perkins’ Sincerity 3 What Do the Voices From Below Show? 5 How Can Institutions Transform and End Malicious Practices? 6 How to Increase Awareness in Society? 8 Conclusive Thoughts about the Book 9 References 9 Introduction â€Å"Confessions of an Economic Hitman† by John Perkins, tells a story about his experience as an economic hitman at MAIN, with the goal to mislead and manipulate less developed countries and persuade them to give lucrative government contracts to foreign corporations. Leaving countries with massive debt to which the United States government uses as a means to exploit their resources and labor. In this paper, John Perkins’ intentions in writing this book will be reflected upon. Throughout the text, it will further reflect some of the stories of the voices from below mentioned by Perkins and link them with the questions that came into mind while reading. This team’s own opinions and thoughts will be addressed. This team consists of individuals with various professional and cultural backgrounds, including multiple religions, such as Islam and Christianity. Consisting primarily of western countries, including the U.S., Germany, Norway,Show MoreRelated Confessions of an Economic: Hitman1425 Words   |  6 PagesEconomic Hitman I decided to talk about Economic Hitman because since I opened the web site, I got attracted by this quote â€Å"Dedicated to transforming the world into a sustainable, just and peaceful home where all beings can thrive†, by John Perkins who is an American author and one of the famous economist person in the world because he claims to have played a role in an supposed process of economic establishment of Third World countries on behalf of what he shows as a section of the United StatesRead MoreConfessions of an Economic Hitman2350 Words   |  10 PagesConfessions of an Economic Hit man John Perkins The reasons as to why I selected this book was heavily weighted on my personal interests. The fact that I am interested in matters of economics, imperialism, capitalism and deception and corruption on a government level, made reviewing Confessions of an economic hit man an enjoyable experience. â€Å"For them, this is a war about the survival of their children and cultures, while for us it is about power, money and natural resources. It is one partRead MoreThe New Confessions Of An Economic Hitman By John Perkins1978 Words   |  8 PagesIn the book â€Å"The New Confessions of An Economic Hitman† by author John Perkins, he discusses in detail his experience as an economic hitman, and the role he played in underdeveloped and developing countries. He writes about his, various multinational corporations, political institutions, and the United States role in indebting countries to profit off them. Essentially, his book is about the United States way in expanding globalization and what can be done to stop the exploitation of other countriesRead MoreJohn Perkins Is An American Novelist1088 Words   |  5 Pages About the Author John Perkins is an American novelist. Confessions of Economic Hitman (2004) is one of his bestsellers. Perkins graduated in 1963 from the Tilton School and completed Bachelors of Science degree in Business Administration in 1968 from Boston University. From 1968-1970, he volunteered for Peace Corps in Ecuador. He was screened by National Security Agency (NSA) while working for a firm in Boston, Chas.T.Main during 1970s to work as EHM. His job as EHMRead MoreDocumentary Analysis: Zeitgeist Addendum Essay815 Words   |  4 Pagesinterview with John Perkins, author of Confessions of an Economic Hitman. From the word â€Å"Hitman,† we know that money, economy, politics, and control was involved. 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This is because the elitists want to only haveRead MoreEssay on Grassroots Boycott: The Fight for Human Rights 726 Words   |  3 Pagesresult of unbridled capitalism.† Author John Perkins, also known as the ‘economic hitman’ describes his role as a highly paid professional who helped the U.S. cheat poor countries around the world out of trillions of dollars by providing them more money in which they could not pay back and later, taking over their economies in exchange of natural resources such as oil. In the epilogue of his book â€Å"Confessions of an Economic Hitman† he expresses his thoughts on taking ownership and changing the systemRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization And Globalization1582 Words   |  7 Pagesreservation-like areas and are left to adapt or perish by themselves. As modern society requires more a nd more raw material for industry and innovation, the land and culture of the native people is being destroyed. John Perkins explains in Confessions of an Economic Hitman that indigenous land is being ravaged in the search for raw material and the mass growing of crops. American corporations are allowed to run rampant in foreign land by using billions of dollars of debt owed to America by foreign countriesRead MoreAn Unequal Distribution Of Wealth And Power Across The Nation2049 Words   |  9 Pagesregarding our economic lives. Our understanding of what’s going on with the wealth distribution and the actuality of what’s going on is two completely different things. So you may ask, what’s the reason behind this inequality? The answer is corporations and big businesses. Corporations such as Bank of America, Nike, Google, Apple, and Microsoft are rising to power. Corporations have also completely diminished the original intent of our Founding Fathers. According to Collin and Yeskel’s â€Å"Economic ApartheidRead MoreUnited Nations and World4943 Words   |  20 Pa gesNEO-COLONIALISM Neocolonialism describes how, after World War II, colonial powers started using economics i.e. lending and interest rates, to control former colonies and cultivate new areas, thereby creating political, economic and social dependencies. Neocolonialism describes certain economic operations at the international level which have alleged similarities to the traditional colonialism of the 16th to the 20th centuries. The contention is that governments have aimed to control other nations

Essay about The Autobiography of Malcolm X - 613 Words

The Autobiography of Malcolm X The Autobiography of Malcolm X is the story of Malcolm X, an African American male growing up in the United States in the mid-1900s. At this time in America prejudice and segregation were widespread and much a part of everyday life. Malcolm takes the reader through his experiences with American society, which rejects him. This rejection, along with the inferiority cast upon all Black Americans, forces these males to search for acceptance. They are forced to search for purpose in causes greater than single individuals. As the book shows, this is evident in Malcolm throughout his life and in the life of other African American males. The Autobiography shows how during this time in American history†¦show more content†¦This unit was exactly the further acceptance Malcolm, and all rejected males, looked for at this time in American history. With Malcolms imprisonment ended the acceptance of the ghetto hustler and gangster life. In prison Malcolm had to find a new place to turn for acceptance. As his father did, Malcolm turned to religion. The religion he turned to, The Nation of Islam or more commonly known as the Black Muslims, were a group of African Americans who believed, among other things, that whites were the roots of evil. Malcolm became immersed in his religion. It seeped into every part of his life. For the next years I was the nearest thing to a hermit in the Norfolk Prison Colony. I have never been more busy in my life (173). Malcolm wrote many letters to family and friends about his new found faith and , most importantly, he found the acceptance he longed for with the teachings of Mr. Muhammad. This acceptance gave him purpose and after his release Malcolm became one of the foremost representatives of the Nation of Islam. After Malcolm separated from the Nation of Islam, part by choice but part by force, he had to turn elsewhere for the acceptance and purpose, which all African American males needed at this time. With his natio nal prominence he formed a new organization. This organization would be the last place he found acceptance because of his untimely death. His organization, the Muslim Mosque Inc., heShow MoreRelatedThe Autobiography of Malcolm X729 Words   |  3 PagesLiterary Analysis: The Autobiography of Malcolm X The Autobiography of Malcolm X, told by Alex Haley, details the incredible journey of one of the most inspiration and life altering leaders the world has ever encountered. The book begins with the illustration of Malcolm’s early life experiences and ends with X predicting that he will die a violent death prior to seeing the publication of his autobiography. At the beginning of the book, Haley describes how Malcolm’s father, a Baptist MinisterRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesWho is Malcolm X? Answers tend to vary by person but in the â€Å"Autobiography of Malcolm X†, it really delved into the pivotal details of his life and readers like myself, went on an enthralling metaphorical journey to see the intriguing development of him as a child, a young adult, a convict, a follower, and ultimately a leader. For starters, Malcolm X was not born with the infamous and famous X. His birth name was Malcolm Little and the innocent Malcolm Little was very belittled (pun intended) inRead MoreAutobiography Of Malcolm X1614 Words   |  7 PagesKaykay Zhu October 19, 2017 The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley is an account of Malcolm X’s evolving perspective on racial justice. Malcolm X was a prominent figure in the Nation of Islam who advocated for black nationalism and separatism. The man who became one of America’s most powerful voices for African Americans was deeply affected by the terrors of racism, which shaped his view of social justice and the condemnation of the white man. The way Malcolm X narrates his experiences changesRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley, and Coming of Age in Mississippi by Anne Moody sheds light on how principles of ambition, pride, and faith throughout their lives paved individual paths for revolutionary success. Troubling upbringings as seen in both of their lives eventually instilled a drive that ultimately revolutionized America’s perspective of racial equality. Their worldview grows to encompass hum anity as one and is developed alongside their spiritual and cultural inquiryRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pages1 2 THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MALCOLM X Introduction Malcolm X?s autobiography written in collaboration with Alex Haley is an exciting story of personality transformation. During several years, Malcolm X told Haley his biography in several extensive interviews. Haley described and orchestrated the stories and Malcolm X edited and endorsed every part of the book. The story is narrated in the first person and it seems like Malcolm was writing this of hisRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1701 Words   |  7 Pagesread the autobiography of Malcolm X. Malcolm X was one of the most controversial Men in American history. I’m familar with the name Malcolm X however, I’m not familliar with the works and background of Malcolm X. This is why I choose to read the autobiography of Malcolm X written by himself and Alex Haley. Which gives the read an insight on his background, beliefs, and the American society then. I believe that many people including myself have misunderstood Malcolm X. I believe that Mal colm X is misunderstoodRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X791 Words   |  4 Pageslife. Malcolm X told his life story of how he overcame in his autobiography simply called The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley. His life changed the world historically, socially, and especially politically by taking a stand against racism of all kinds which still exists in today’s â€Å"modern† standards. Using his personal life experience with racism towards African-Americans, Malcolm spreads the word on equality for all with a realistic tone that inspires trust in him. Malcolm X reachesRead MoreThe Autobiography of Malcolm X535 Words   |  2 Pages The autobiography of Malcolm X is a book that was published in 1965. It is of result of collaboration between human rights activist Mr. Malcolm X and journalist Alex Haley. The book depicts more about Malcolm X’s life, experiences and beliefs. The book again talks about spiritual conversion narrative that outlines Malcolm Xs philosophy of black pride, Black Nationalism. Malcolm was born in May 19th 1925 in Omaha to a family of Earl and Louise Little. The book also explains to us that he inheritatedRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1278 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X, born Malcolm Little, is one of the greatest advocates for race in the nation. However, his opinion of the state of racial issues in our country, and what can be done to solve them. Trials throughout Malcolm’s life of personal opinions and events that have occurred have shaped his outlook on the issue. Alex Haley’s autobiography novel, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, reveals Malcolm’s cha nging views on the solution of race in this country through the shaping stages of experiences in hisRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1634 Words   |  7 PagesThe Autobiography of Malcolm X was about one African Americans struggle during a time of extreme racism and discrimination to make a name for himself. Malcolm had many life experiences before tragically being shot and killed. He was a hustler in Harlem, a porter for a railroad, and was eventually a minister for the black Islam movement lead by Elijah Mahammad. Malcolm Little lived a very interesting life to become the man he will be remembered as. Right before Malcolm was born members of the KKK

Career Management for Personal Career Development- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCareer Management for Personal Career Development. Answer: When I consider all of the assignments done before, I can state for me that the expert and entrepreneurial career which has been depicted by Kanter, is the most reasonable option for me to actually shape my persona The individual profession advancement development design will incorporate this piece of learning through associates and along these lines a ton of me being included as a key asset will be excessively useful for me. Additionally, for my improvement, I will ensure that I keep my trademark and USP of Excellence Is My Foundation" as my field information of business counseling. (Inkson, 2014). I need to really ensure that I develop as a business advisor and subsequently I develop myself as a person with the correct aptitude. It is where we live, the work we have done, the degrees we have and thus, my family background even affects the choice of job. This analysis requires a proper development plan and that can be on the reflective practice which allows me as a student to unders tand how development plans can be made using concepts. (Bubnys Zavadskien?, 2017). As a student who is settling my career path and college, I trust that I can set clear vocation objectives that can control me in accomplishing my professional aspirations. I found that not every person accomplishes the proposed profession yearning since a few people have worked in one position for their whole careers. With SMART objectives, I trust I can exceed expectations to the most noteworthy echelons in my field to end up a standout amongst the best individuals and accomplish the most elevated purpose of realization. Expanding on the professional decision and model proposed by Granovetter's idea of 'the quality of weak ties', I look at the results of the vocation counsel by feeble ties verses by solid ties. The key outcome is that accepting assistance from the strong and weak ties is associated with early employment and vocation settlement. Then again, the stronger binds are probably going to prompt assertiveness. I also discovered individual help, good example and expert companions are the solid elements and partners' business advancement is a very strong factor. (Carolan, 2005). I will do the following as a part of the plan Will enhance my correspondence skills Will enhance my aptitude Will build up my skill set More agreeable in nature Bringing some transformational change in my association at my level In totality I will be focusing on: ? Communication ? Interpersonal Skills ? Life skills ? Problem Solving Reference from the Plan Key result area as per GROW Indicator of success/ performance Status report/results To have growth in the required field of Business Consulting To increase the efficiency Additional Clients and learning in this field To have growth in the required field of interest like finance and HR To provide service quality by being efficient with skill set Achievement of new goals and plans To have growth in the required field of interest like finance and HR To achieve the self-maintained goals as per the plan Achievement of correct career path after college with interest References Inkson, K., Dries, N., Arnold, J. (2014).Understanding careers: Metaphors of working lives. Sage. Husu, H. M. (2013). Bourdieu and social movements: Considering identity movements in terms of field, capital and habitus. Social Movement Studies, 12(3), 264-279. Bubnys, R., Zavadskien?, L. (2017). Exploring the concept of reflective practice in the context of student-centered teacher education. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, 1, pp. 91-101. Carolan, B. (2005). Strong Ties, Weak Ties: Relational Dimensions of Learning Settings. Retrieved on 17th March 2018 from https://cdn.tc-library.org/Edlab/EdLab_Strongties.pdf Tmen, S. (2017). Career choice and the strength of weak ties: Career choice and the strength of weak ties. 17(3). 91-97

An Inspector Calls †Theatre Essay

An Inspector Calls – Theatre Essay Free Online Research Papers An Inspector Calls Theatre Essay Introduction: This superbly crafted play by J.B Priestly ‘An Inspector Calls’ was written in 1945 and set in 1912. The play was written at the time of the Second World War. The specific setting is as the Titanic is to set sail for America. The world was also thinking about going to war with Germany for the first time. Life for the poor in 1912 was very insecure. There was a lack of a Welfare State, which didn’t help the poor. For women it was almost the same they were treated like they did not have a mind of their own and the dominant males controlled them. An example of this from the play is, â€Å"Oh- Gerald- you’ve got it- is it the one you wanted me to have?† (Act 1, P. 4) The play was structured well because it had dramatic and thrilling cliff-hangers one example is at the very end of the play when Mr. Birling receives a phone call form the hospital and he says, â€Å"That was the police. A girl had just died on her way to the infirmary- after swallowing some disinfectant†. The play was also set in real time like the classical Greek theatre, they believed a play should be set in real time. The several themes in the play are: treatment of women, love, jealousy, mystery/secrecy and sinning money/capitalism. To get these themes across to the world and show how 1912 was like in society then was Priestley’s purpose in writing this play. Section One- The Dinner Party: The opening scene of the play is in the dining room of the Birling’s house in Brumley, an industrial city in the North Midlands. An evening in spring 1912. Mr. Birling, Mrs. Birling, Sheila, Gerald and Eric are sitting around the dinning table discussing about Gerald and Sheila’s engagement. This suggests that the kind of lifestyle they have is very grand and that they are a close family. When the inspector arrives it is made dramatic by Mr. Birling asking questions about him and what he’s doing here, â€Å"An Inspector? What kind of inspector?† (Act 1, P.7) When the inspector enters the room his presents creates an impression of largeness and toughness. He also speaks carefully, and looks hard at the person he addresses which gives an uneasy feeling. The inspector shows a photograph of a young lady to everyone but Eric and Gerald. This builds the tension up a great deal because we now know that the photograph has something to do with them, but we don’t know quite what. Section Two Arthur Birling At the dinner party, Arthur Birling talks about how the Titanic is unsinkable and that Britain won’t go to war with Germany. He also talks about his knighthood, â€Å"I gather there’s a very good chance of a knighthood†. (Act 1, P.6) This reveals he is a proud and negative character of the play. Mr. Birling sackedEva Smith because she was one of the ringleaders of a strike over their pay. He shows no guilt on sacking Eva, the audience will respond by thinking he is insensitive and only cares about making money for himself. Arthur thinks his position is a high, powerful one because he is very bossy and thinks he can take charge of everybody else. Section Three- Shelia Birling Shelia feels a lot of remorse for Eva Smith being sacked she says, â€Å"I think it was a mean thing to do. Perhaps that spoiled everything for her.† (Act 1, P.14) Meaning that if Mr. Birling hadn’t of sacked her then she would have not committed suicide. The audience should respond better to Sheila because she is more considerate and will think she is the nice character of the play. At the end of Act One Sheila and Gerald arguing builds up the tension by Gerald begging Shelia not to tell the inspector what he did and Shelia tells him and laughs, â€Å"You fool- he knows†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . (Act 1, P.19) Meaning the inspector already knows what he did and keeps the audience in suspense making the audience wonder if he knows. More tension is added when she leaves the room and the door slowly opens and the inspector appears. Section Four- Gerald Croft When Gerald dumped Daisy by saying he is engaged to another woman and leaving her, the audience feels that it helped. The audience might think he treated Daisy badly because he went behind her back by saying he wasn’t seeing any other women. Section Five- Sybil Birling She is very concerned and apprehensive to people in poverty because she strongly thinks it is very wrong. The tension is built up at the end of Act Two by the inspector when he says he is waiting â€Å"to do my duty† (Act 2, P.35) and they are thinking what he is going to do. Eric enters and Mrs. Birling says, â€Å"Look inspector, you’re not trying to tell us that- that my boy- is mixed up in this-?† This makes us think that Eric might have something to do with this. Conclusion Yes I think that priestly is making a point and all the characters in the play are to blame. At the end of the play there is a phone call of a suicide. I think Priestly put it in to add a final suspension to the play. And it makes a very good cliff-hanger. Also to make us ask ourselves questions, and wonder what might happen next, so he’s leaving it to out imaginations. Questions like â€Å"Who was Inspector Goole? 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How to Write a Claim Letter for a Business

How to Write a Claim Letter for a Business Claim letters are used to make claims due to unsatisfactory work or products by companies that have contracted another party to complete work. For example, if a company outsources production of a part required for a final product and is unsatisfied with the contractors work, that company will write a claim letter to demand superior products. As such, claim letters have a very formal and serious tone. Use the suggested  phrases  and model letter below to model claim letters for use in your own business activities. The following letters make claims against unsatisfactory work. You can find different types of business letters and the guide to further refine your business English letter writing skills. Useful Key Phrases As someone who has worked with ...we were very disappointed to find/see/have discovered ...As our written agreement stipulated, we expected ...I think you will agree that a communication problem exists.We would like you to ...  or provide us with a refund. Example Letter Drivers Co.3489 Greene Ave.Olympia, WA 98502August 17, 2001 Richard Brown, PresidentDocument MakersSalem, MA 34588 Dear Mr. Brown: As someone who has worked with your company for over 3 years, we were very disappointed to see the documents you produced for our latest Drivers Co. publicity campaign. As our written agreement stipulated, we expected full-color leaflets with fancy explanatory texts, but instead, we found that black and white photos had been included in the prepared leaflets. I think you will agree that a communication problem exists. We would like you to send out a photographer to provide us with the promised color coverage  or provide us with a refund. Yours truly, (signature here) Thomas R. Smith,Director TRS/lj For further types of business letters, use this guide to different types of business letters to refine your skills for specific business purposes such as making inquiries, adjusting claims, writing cover letters, and more.